Meiqiu Chen, Mengjiao Chen, Yanfei Lu, Liguo Wang and Yujiao Huang
The MPA Education Center,The Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake BasinAgricultural Resources and Ecology of JiangxiProvince of Jiangxi Agriculture University
Abstract:Individual farmers represent the main management entities of agricultural production under the family-contract responsibility system in China, and thus play crucial roles in the prevention and control of agricultural nonpoint source (ANPS) pollution. The analysis of the farmers' perceptions of ANPS pollution as well as the factors affecting their perceptions can provide valuable information for relevant policy-making to preserve high quality water in Poyang Lake and regional quality of arable land. Through a survey titled 'Farmers' perceptions of ANPS pollution and farming behaviors in the Poyang Lake Region', the data related to the perceptions of farmers on ANPS pollution were collected. The factors that affect their awareness of ANPS pollution were identified with the method of boosted regression trees (BRT). The results indicated that the farmers had awareness of the risk of ANPS pollution to some extent, but they lacked adequate scientific knowledge. Generally, they had no consciousness about how to prevent and control ANPS pollution and did not understand techniques needed for proper scientifically sound application of fertilizers and pesticides. The main factors that influenced their perceptions of ANPS pollution are (from high to low): the ratio of total income which comes from farming, per capita farmland, age, education level, and household income. Some measures targeted to improve the prevention and control of ANPS pollution were proposed: developing modern agricultural techniques and promoting large-scale farming, increasing public campaigns related to ANPS pollution prevention and control with the goal of raising the level of awareness of farmers, and reforming the methods used to promote science and technology in agriculture and encourage the proper use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
摘要：个体农户是我国家庭联产承包责任制下农业生产的主要经营主体，在农业面源污染防治中发挥着重要作用。分析鄱阳湖区农户对ANPS污染的认知及其影响因素，可为鄱阳湖区优质水源保护和区域耕地质量保护的相关政策制定提供有价值的信息。通过鄱阳湖区养殖户对农业面源污染的认知及养殖行为调查，收集种植户对农业面源污染认知的相关数据。用增强回归树( BRT )的方法确定了影响他们对ANPS污染认识的因素。结果表明，养殖户对ANPS污染风险有一定的认知，但缺乏足够的科学知识。一般来说，他们没有意识到如何预防和控制ANPS污染，也不了解正确科学地施用化肥和农药所需要的技术。影响他们对农业面源污染感知的主要因素是(从高到低)：务农总收入占比、人均耕地面积、年龄、受教育程度、家庭收入。在此基础上提出了一些旨在改进农业面源污染防治的措施：发展现代农业技术和促进大规模耕作，增加与农业面源污染防治有关的宣传运动，以提高农民的认识水平改革农业科技推广方法，鼓励正确使用化肥和农药。
