Zhaohao Lai, Meiqiu Chen, Taoju Liu
Research Center on Rural Land Resources Use and Protection, Jiangxi Agricultural University
Abstract:Cultivated land provides the basic guarantee for food production and security, and changes in its utilization have been a focus of attention in China. Since China’s “reform and opening up,” major changes have taken place in the country’s social economy and cultivated land use. Based on statistical data analysis and literature review, this study systematically reviewed long-term changes in cultivated land use in China. On that basis, future trends are identified, which can provide new insights for future research on cultivated land use and protection management. The findings indicate that while cultivated land use is diversified, smallholder farmers still account for the main part. Further, the scale of cultivation is expanding but still fragmented, profits derived from land cultivation are slowly growing, and the proportion of those profits in total household income has dramatically declined. It was also found that the social security function of cultivated land has been weakened, cultivated land management has become more diversified, and grain output has risen steadily. To meet the needs of social and economic development, the government should promote the transfer of the “household” as a unit instead of “labor.” Moreover, innovation in the land use system should be stimulated based on industrial convergence, and policy incentives for ecological farming should be increased.
摘要：耕地是粮食生产和安全的基本保障，耕地利用的变化一直是中国关注的焦点。自中国改革开放以来，中国的社会经济和耕地利用都发生了重大变化。在统计资料分析和文献回顾的基础上，本研究系统地回顾了中国耕地利用的长期变化。在此基础上，确定了未来的发展趋势，可以为今后的耕地利用和保护管理研究提供新的启示与见解。研究结果表明，耕地利用多元化的同时，小农户仍占主要部分。此外，耕种规模不断扩大但仍呈碎片化趋势，从土地耕种中获得的利润在缓慢增长，而这些利润在家庭总收入中的比例却急剧下降。调查还发现，耕地的社会保障功能被弱化，耕地管理更加多元化，粮食产量稳步上升。为了满足社会和经济发展的需要，政府应该推动以户为单位的转移，而不是以“劳动力”为单位。此外，应在产业融合的基础上刺激土地利用制度的创新，并加大对生态农业的政策激励。
原文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264837720300156?via%3Dihub
下载链接：
Changes in and prospects for cultivated land use since the reform and opening up in China.pdf
